Surgical Outcomes and Quality of Life in Patients with Inguinal Hernias Repaired with Mesh versus Non-Mesh Techniques: A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed procedures worldwide. The use of mesh in hernia repair has become the standard approach due to its lower recurrence rates and quicker recovery times. However, the role of non-mesh techniques still persists, particularly in certain patient populations. This study compares the surgical outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair with mesh versus non-mesh techniques.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from January 2022 to December 2023, involving 200 patients with uncomplicated inguinal hernias. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (mesh repair, n=100) and Group B (non-mesh repair, n=100). Outcomes including operative time, postoperative complications, recurrence rates, and quality of life assessments (using the SF-36 questionnaire) were analyzed over a 12-month follow-up period.
Results: Patients in the mesh group had significantly shorter operative times (45 ± 8 minutes vs. 65 ± 10 minutes, p<0.01), fewer postoperative complications (5% vs. 12%, p<0.05), and lower recurrence rates (2% vs. 8%, p<0.05) compared to the non-mesh group. Quality of life scores were significantly higher in the mesh group, with better physical function, pain relief, and general health scores. No significant difference was observed in postoperative hospital stay between the two groups.
Conclusion: Mesh repair for inguinal hernias offers superior surgical outcomes and improved quality of life compared to non-mesh techniques. The results underscore the importance of using mesh for inguinal hernia repair in most patients, as it leads to faster recovery, fewer complications, and better long-term results.