The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Multi Center Observational Study

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 posed unique challenges to pregnant women, given
their increased vulnerability to severe outcomes. Vaccination during
pregnancy has been a critical measure to protect maternal and neonatal
health. This study evaluates the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on
pregnancy outcomes, including maternal complications, neonatal health, and
birth outcomes.
Methods: A multi-center observational study was conducted across five
hospitals, enrolling 1,200 pregnant women (vaccinated and unvaccinated)
between January 2022 and December 2023. Data on maternal complications,
mode of delivery, neonatal outcomes, and adverse events were collected and
analyzed. Primary metrics included preterm birth rates, low birth weight
(LBW), maternal ICU admissions, and neonatal complications.
Results: Among 600 vaccinated and 600 unvaccinated participants,
vaccination was associated with lower rates of preterm birth (6.2% vs.
13.5%), maternal ICU admission (2.1% vs. 7.8%), and neonatal ICU
admission (3.4% vs. 8.9%). No significant increase in adverse outcomes was
observed in the vaccinated cohort.
Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy significantly reduces
the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes without increasing
complications. These findings support the safety and efficacy of vaccination
in this vulnerable population.