Impact of Antioxidant Supplementation on Cardiovascular Health

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and oxidative stress has been identified as a key factor in their pathogenesis. Antioxidant supplementation, aimed at reducing oxidative damage, has garnered attention as a potential strategy for cardiovascular health. This study explores the impact of antioxidant supplementation on cardiovascular health, focusing on biomarkers of oxidative stress, lipid profile, and clinical outcomes.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of antioxidant supplementation on cardiovascular health. A total of 25 RCTs, involving 5,000 participants aged 30–80 years, were included. Outcomes such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, inflammatory markers, and incidence of cardiovascular events were evaluated. The effect size was calculated using mean differences and relative risk.
Results: Antioxidant supplementation significantly reduced levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), and improved endothelial function. Blood pressure was reduced by an average of 5 mmHg, and total cholesterol levels decreased by 10 mg/dL. However, the effect on major cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes, was inconclusive, with no significant reduction observed.
Conclusion: While antioxidant supplementation appears to improve certain biomarkers of cardiovascular health, its role in preventing clinical cardiovascular events remains uncertain. Further long-term studies are required to establish its definitive impact on cardiovascular disease prevention.